The Knights of Malta were created in 1085 known as the Knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem at the time. The Knights came to Malta in 1530, having been ejected from their earlier home on Rhodes by the Turks in 1522. Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor, gave them the choice of Malta or Tripoli as their new base.
Venus de'Medici is a marble scuplture of Venus the roman goddess of love or aphrodite the Greek godess of love, in Florence, Italy belogging to the Medici family.
Emperor Muley Ismail OF Morraco treated Christian captives with extreme cruelty.
The old woman was actually the princess of Palestrina, she was raised in a beautiful palace. Her father was "Pope Urban X" (there has not been a pope named like this). Everything changed when the love of her life died with horrible convulsions. She was taken to Morocco as a slave with her mother and other women. The princess was rapped by the pirate captain. She lost her mother and was overcome with "fear, fatigue,horror,despair and hunger" (46).
Voltaire describes the princess as a conceited woman when she says "I was exquisitely lovely; I was beauty and grace personified, and I was a virgin" (43). This shows that even though she was in Morocco, she admired herself and thought she was superior than the people that were in Africa. She says that "even her ordinary maids had more charms that can be found in all of Africa" (43). It shows how Italian women have a better way of socializing and exposing their beauty.
• Amid- in the middle of; surrounded by; among. • Bethrothed- engaged to be married • Pomp- stately or splendid display; splendor; magnificence. • Marchesa- an Italian noblewoman, equivalent in rank to a marquise. • Convulsions-contortion of the body caused by violent, involuntary muscular contractions of the extremities, trunk, and head. • Trifle-an article or thing of very little value. • Ravished- to fill with strong emotion, especially joy. • Vitriol- any of certain metallic sulfates of glassy appearance, as copper sulfate or blue vitriol, iron sulfate or green vitriol, zinc sulfate or white vitriol, etc.
In this chapter of the story, the old woman who seemingly went and helped Candide and Cunegonde out of their troubles, was actually once a princess. Her parents were of Pope Urban X and Princess of Palestrina. What was being Saturized in this chapter was woman, or the old woman in general, she wqas very full of herself, and throughout the chapter complimented herself about her past manytimes. She saids confidently “ My breasts were forming, and what breasts! They were white and firm, and as shapely as those of the Venus de’ Medici ( the goddess by the name of Aphrodite, a statue was made of her called the Venus de’ Medici). (42) As she continues to rant about how beautiful she was and how many other women envied her “ What eye lids! What black eyebrows! What fire shone from my two pupils, dimming the glitter of the stars, as the local poets used to tell me!” (42). Soon we finally get to a point where she moves on in her story about her past, Massa-Carrara the man she was supposed to marry and was already engaged with died in horrible convulsions. She is taken to Morroco with her mother and both are worked as slaves. There was a moment in the story where she even explains how both of them were stripped naked and got checked just for stealing valuables. After that another scene came of fighting between the pirates, Europeans and more. In the fight she loses her mother and the captain who practically risked his life to protect her. She wakes up later on saved by another white man.
Gaeta is a city located in the southern Italy Lazio region.
Articulo mortis- at the point of death
Moors were nomadic people that were a mix of Berber and Arab people that inhabited North West Africa. Moorish soldiers crossed over from Africa into Spain, Portugal, and France who were actively recruited by Rome.
Exaggeration:
“Until the age of fourteen I was brought in a palace so magnificent that all the castles of your German barons couldn’t have served as its stable…” (38) “My breasts were forming and what breasts” (39) “What fire shone from my two pupils, dimming the glitter of the stars, as the local poets used to tell me!” (39) “The women who dressed and undressed me were ecstatic each time they saw me in front and behind, all men would have loved to be in their place “ (39) “It’s amazing how quickly those men can undress people” (39)
Understatement: “But that’s only a trifle” (38)
Warped Logic “I am the daughter of Pope Urban X and the Pope Urban X and the Princess of Palestrina” (38)
Irony: “…they all knelt, threw down their arms and asked the pirates for absolution in articulo mortis” (39)
In Chapter XI, Voltaire is satirizing women and how they can be so obsessed with their looks more than anything else. The old woman begins telling the story about when she was young and how she grew up in “beauty, grace and talent, amid pleasures, respect and hopes” (39). She first starts off boasting about her breasts and how they are so “magnificent” comparing them to the sculpture of Aphrodite (the Greek goddess of love). She also mentions how the women who dressed and undressed her always had an overpowering feeling when they were doing so and how men envied being in these women’s places. The old woman continues to exaggerate by going in detail about her eyes. She explains how “fire shone from her two pupils, dimming the glitter of the stars…” (39) Voltaire is explaining how women care more about their looks and how they shy away from more important things, like their characteristics, how they don’t consider the important elements of what’s on the inside (their true feelings, emotions, who they are as a person) compared to what’s on the outside.
Kimberly Garcia Summary: After Cunegonde,Candide,and the old woman arrive in Cadiz,the old woman tells her story.She says that she is the daughter of Pope Urban X and the Princess of Palestrina. She was stunningly beautiful and raised in the midst of wealth.She was engaged to the Prince of Massa Carrare at age f At fourteen. They loved each another passionately but unfortunately,an old marchesa invited the prince to hr house for chocolate.He died in less then two hours due to convulsions.The old woman and her mother decided to leave the tragedy behind and move on.They decided to go to Gaeta,since the old woman's mother had a beautiful estate there.On their way, pirates boarded the ship and the pope’s soldiers surrendered without a fight.They just knelt and threw their arms in front of them.Everyone was stripped naked so that the pirates could look for hidden diamonds.They were take to Morocco and sold as slaves.The old woman was raped by the pirate captain.When they got to Morocco,it was a "pool of blood."People were against each other.She saw her mother and most women being cut to pieces.Soldiers,blacks,sailors,blacks,whites,and mulattoes fought for her.After the fighting ended,the old woman climbed out from under a pile of dead bodies and crawled to rest under a tree.She awoke to find a white man who was trying to rape her.
Historical Context:
Mulattoes:A person of mixed white and black ancestry,especially a person with one white and one black parent.
in articulo mortis:at the point of death
Pope Urban X is a fictional pope created by Voltaire. He made up this character in order to avoid any consequences that would be incurred upon him.In Candide Pope Urban X has a bastard child.
'O che sciagura d'essere senza coglioni:Oh,what a misfortune to be without testicles!
The Venus de'Medici(or Medici Venus)is a marble sculpture representing the Greek goddess of love,Aphrodite.It is a 1st century BC marble copy,of a bronze original Greek sculpture.It has become one of the navigation points by which the progress of the Western classical tradition is traced, the references to it an outline of the changes of taste and the process of classical scholarship.It is housed in the Uffizi,Florence,Italy.
The first Barbary War(1801–1805),also known as the Barbary Coast War or the Tripolitan War, was one of two wars in which the United States and the North African Berber Muslim states known collectively as the Barbary States fought.Pirate ships and crews from the North Africa's Berber states of Morocco,Tripoli, Tunis,and Algiers(the Barbary Coast),governed by the Ottoman Empire,were the scourge of the Mediterranean. They captured merchant ships and enslaved women who had wealth and power.The Roman Catholic Trinitarian Order(Order of "Mathurins)had operated from France for centuries with the mission of collecting and funds for the relief and ransom of prisoners of Mediterranean pirates.
The war stemmed from the Barbary pirates’ attacks upon American merchant shipping in an attempt to extort ransom for the lives of captured sailors.Before the Treaty of Paris, (which granted America’s independence from Great Britain)American shipping was protected by France during the Revolutionary years under the Treaty of Alliance(1778–83). Piracy against American shipping occurred after the end of the American Revolution(after the U.S. government lost its protection under the Treaty of Alliance).On October 11,1784,Moroccan pirates seized the brigantine Betsey.This was the first act of piracy against the U.S.,which ended as the Spanish government negotiated the freedom of the captured ship and crew. Spain offered advice to the United States over how to deal with the Barbary States.The advice was to offer tribute to prevent further attacks against merchant ships.Morocco was the first Barbary Coast state to sign a treaty with the U.S. on June 23,1786.The treaty ended all Moroccan piracy against American shipping interests.
I also agree with Kevin that Voltaire is satirizing woman,especially the old woman because throughout her story she keeps saying that she was beautiful and that almost every man wanted her. She said that,"The woman who dressed and undressed me were ecstatic each time they saw me in front and behind,and all men would have loved to be in their place"(42). This shows that she really cared about her beauty and how it affected others.It made her feel loved but at the same time,it made other woman envious.
Albin Ademi Chapter (11) Vocabulary Splendor- when a person or thing looks gorgeous and eye appealing Amid- in the middle. Idolatry- excessive or blind adoration. Unprecedented- without previous instance; never before known or experienced; unexampled or unparalleled Convulsions- contortion of the body caused by violent, involuntary muscular contractions of the extremities, trunk, and head Trifle- an article or object that isn’t very valuable Afflicted- to distress with mental or bodily pain; trouble greatly or grievously Absolution- When you are neutral Enema- the injection of a fluid into the rectum to cause a bowel movement Immemorial- going back to a beyond memory, record, or knowledge Exquisitely- of special beauty or charm, usually rare Ravished- to seize and carry off by force Faction- a group within a larger group, or government, Vitriol- oil of vitriol Scimitar- a curved, single-edged sword of Oriental origin Oblivion- When you are completely forgotten or unknown Insensibility- incapable of feeling or perceiving; when you can’t feel anything, going numb. Elements of Satire
Exaggeration: “My eyes haven’t always been bloodshot and red rimmed, my nose hasn’t always touched my chin, and I haven’t always been a slave” (42). Understatement: “and all men would have loved to be in their place” (42). Irony: “They were immediately stripped as naked as monkeys, and so were my mother, our ladies in waiting and I” (43). Warped Logic: “You can easily imagine everything we had to suffer on board the Pirate ship. My mother was still quite beautiful” (43). Ridiculous names: “my breasts…Venus de Medici” (42).
Voltaire is satirizing the daughter of Pope Urban X in chapter eleven. He is satirizing her because out of everything that happened to her in that chapter all she was worried about was her looks. She compared her breasts to the “Venus De Medici” and when the pirates took them she said “My mother was still quite beautiful” (43). She is so conceded that when the women were undressing her all that was in her mind was how men wish they can do what the maidens were doing. She sees herself as a “flower” and a rare one of that because she is still a “virgin” and at her age being a virgin has limitless value.
This is just a test to see if it is working. Ms K
ReplyDeleteThis is just a test to see if it is working. Ms K
ReplyDeleteJust checking
ReplyDeleteVocabulary (Chapter 11)
ReplyDeleteSplendor- brilliant or gorgeous appearance, coloring, etc.; magnificence
Amid- in the middle of; surrounded by; among
Ecstatic- of, pertaining to, or characterized by ecstasy
Ecstasy- an overpowering emotion or exaltation; a state of sudden, intense feeling
Betrothed- engaged to be married
Sovereign- a monarch; a king, queen, or other supreme ruler
Wit- the keen perception and cleverly apt expression of those connections between ideas that awaken amusement and pleasure
Idolatry- excessive or blind adoration, reverence, devotion
Unprecedented- without previous instance; never before known or experienced; unexampled or unparalleled
Convulsions- contortion of the body caused by violent, involuntary muscular contractions of the extremities, trunk, and head
Trifle- an article or thing of very little value
Afflicted- to distress with mental or bodily pain; trouble greatly or grievously
Gilded- covered or highlighted with gold or something of a golden color
Absolution- act of absolving; a freeing from blame or guilt; release from consequences, obligations, or penalties
Enema- the injection of a fluid into the rectum to cause a bowel movement
Immemorial- extending back beyond memory, record, or knowledge
Exquisitely- of special beauty or charm, or rare and appealing excellence, as a face, a flower, coloring, music, or poetry
Ravished- to seize and carry off by force
Dwell- to live or continue in a given condition or state
Faction- a group or clique within a larger group, party, government, organization, or the like
Vitriol- oil of vitriol; sulfuric acid
Scimitar- a curved, single-edged sword of
Oriental origin
Oblivion- the state of being completely forgotten or unknown
Insensibility- incapable of feeling or perceiving; deprived of sensation; unconscious, as a person after a violent blow
The Knights of Malta were created in 1085 known as the Knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem at the time. The Knights came to Malta in 1530, having been ejected from their earlier home on Rhodes by the Turks in 1522. Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor, gave them the choice of Malta or Tripoli as their new base.
ReplyDeleteVenus de'Medici is a marble scuplture of Venus the roman goddess of love or aphrodite the Greek godess of love, in Florence, Italy belogging to the Medici family.
ReplyDeleteEmperor Muley Ismail OF Morraco treated Christian captives with extreme cruelty.
The old woman was actually the princess of Palestrina, she was raised in a beautiful palace. Her father was "Pope Urban X" (there has not been a pope named like this). Everything changed when the love of her life died with horrible convulsions. She was taken to Morocco as a slave with her mother and other women. The princess was rapped by the pirate captain. She lost her mother and was overcome with "fear, fatigue,horror,despair and hunger" (46).
ReplyDeleteVoltaire describes the princess as a conceited woman when she says "I was exquisitely lovely; I was beauty and grace personified, and I was a virgin" (43). This shows that even though she was in Morocco, she admired herself and thought she was superior than the people that were in Africa. She says that "even her ordinary maids had more charms that can be found in all of Africa" (43). It shows how Italian women have a better way of socializing and exposing their beauty.
ReplyDelete• Amid- in the middle of; surrounded by; among.
ReplyDelete• Bethrothed- engaged to be married
• Pomp- stately or splendid display; splendor; magnificence.
• Marchesa- an Italian noblewoman, equivalent in rank to a marquise.
• Convulsions-contortion of the body caused by violent, involuntary muscular contractions of the extremities, trunk, and head.
• Trifle-an article or thing of very little value.
• Ravished- to fill with strong emotion, especially joy.
• Vitriol- any of certain metallic sulfates of glassy appearance, as copper sulfate or blue vitriol, iron sulfate or green vitriol, zinc sulfate or white vitriol, etc.
In this chapter of the story, the old woman who seemingly went and helped Candide and Cunegonde out of their troubles, was actually once a princess. Her parents were of Pope Urban X and Princess of Palestrina. What was being Saturized in this chapter was woman, or the old woman in general, she wqas very full of herself, and throughout the chapter complimented herself about her past manytimes. She saids confidently “ My breasts were forming, and what breasts! They were white and firm, and as shapely as those of the Venus de’ Medici ( the goddess by the name of Aphrodite, a statue was made of her called the Venus de’ Medici). (42) As she continues to rant about how beautiful she was and how many other women envied her “ What eye lids! What black eyebrows! What fire shone from my two pupils, dimming the glitter of the stars, as the local poets used to tell me!” (42). Soon we finally get to a point where she moves on in her story about her past, Massa-Carrara the man she was supposed to marry and was already engaged with died in horrible convulsions.
She is taken to Morroco with her mother and both are worked as slaves. There was a moment in the story where she even explains how both of them were stripped naked and got checked just for stealing valuables. After that another scene came of fighting between the pirates, Europeans and more. In the fight she loses her mother and the captain who practically risked his life to protect her. She wakes up later on saved by another white man.
Note: I reposted the vocabulary since I didn’t put my name in the first post of the vocab
ReplyDeleteKevin Alonso
Vocabulary (Chapter 11)
Splendor- brilliant or gorgeous appearance, coloring, etc.; magnificence
Amid- in the middle of; surrounded by; among
Ecstatic- of, pertaining to, or characterized by ecstasy
Ecstasy- an overpowering emotion or exaltation; a state of sudden, intense feeling
Betrothed- engaged to be married
Sovereign- a monarch; a king, queen, or other supreme ruler
Wit- the keen perception and cleverly apt expression of those connections between ideas that awaken amusement and pleasure
Idolatry- excessive or blind adoration, reverence, devotion
Unprecedented- without previous instance; never before known or experienced; unexampled or unparalleled
Convulsions- contortion of the body caused by violent, involuntary muscular contractions of the extremities, trunk, and head
Trifle- an article or thing of very little value
Afflicted- to distress with mental or bodily pain; trouble greatly or grievously
Gilded- covered or highlighted with gold or something of a golden color
Absolution- act of absolving; a freeing from blame or guilt; release from consequences, obligations, or penalties
Enema- the injection of a fluid into the rectum to cause a bowel movement
Immemorial- extending back beyond memory, record, or knowledge
Exquisitely- of special beauty or charm, or rare and appealing excellence, as a face, a flower, coloring, music, or poetry
Ravished- to seize and carry off by force
Dwell- to live or continue in a given condition or state
Faction- a group or clique within a larger group, party, government, organization, or the like
Vitriol- oil of vitriol; sulfuric acid
Scimitar- a curved, single-edged sword of Oriental origin
Oblivion- the state of being completely forgotten or unknown
Insensibility- incapable of feeling or perceiving; deprived of sensation; unconscious, as a person after a violent blow
Kevin Alonso
ReplyDeleteConcepts of Time Period
Gaeta is a city located in the southern Italy Lazio region.
Articulo mortis- at the point of death
Moors were nomadic people that were a mix of Berber and Arab people that inhabited North West Africa. Moorish soldiers crossed over from Africa into Spain, Portugal, and France who were actively recruited by Rome.
Exaggeration:
“Until the age of fourteen I was brought in a palace so magnificent that all the castles of your German barons couldn’t have served as its stable…” (38)
“My breasts were forming and what breasts” (39)
“What fire shone from my two pupils, dimming the glitter of the stars, as the local poets used to tell me!” (39)
“The women who dressed and undressed me were ecstatic each time they saw me in front and behind, all men would have loved to be in their place “ (39)
“It’s amazing how quickly those men can undress people” (39)
Understatement:
“But that’s only a trifle” (38)
Warped Logic
“I am the daughter of Pope Urban X and the Pope Urban X and the Princess of Palestrina” (38)
Irony:
“…they all knelt, threw down their arms and asked the pirates for absolution in articulo mortis” (39)
Kevin Alonso
ReplyDeleteIn Chapter XI, Voltaire is satirizing women and how they can be so obsessed with their looks more than anything else. The old woman begins telling the story about when she was young and how she grew up in “beauty, grace and talent, amid pleasures, respect and hopes” (39). She first starts off boasting about her breasts and how they are so “magnificent” comparing them to the sculpture of Aphrodite (the Greek goddess of love). She also mentions how the women who dressed and undressed her always had an overpowering feeling when they were doing so and how men envied being in these women’s places. The old woman continues to exaggerate by going in detail about her eyes. She explains how “fire shone from her two pupils, dimming the glitter of the stars…” (39) Voltaire is explaining how women care more about their looks and how they shy away from more important things, like their characteristics, how they don’t consider the important elements of what’s on the inside (their true feelings, emotions, who they are as a person) compared to what’s on the outside.
Kimberly Garcia
ReplyDeleteSummary:
After Cunegonde,Candide,and the old woman arrive in Cadiz,the old woman tells her story.She says that she is the daughter of Pope Urban X and the Princess of Palestrina. She was stunningly beautiful and raised in the midst of wealth.She was engaged to the Prince of Massa Carrare at age f At fourteen. They loved each another passionately but unfortunately,an old marchesa invited the prince to hr house for chocolate.He died in less then two hours due to convulsions.The old woman and her mother decided to leave the tragedy behind and move on.They decided to go to Gaeta,since the old woman's mother had a beautiful estate there.On their way, pirates boarded the ship and the pope’s soldiers surrendered without a fight.They just knelt and threw their arms in front of them.Everyone was stripped naked so that the pirates could look for hidden diamonds.They were take to Morocco and sold as slaves.The old woman was raped by the pirate captain.When they got to Morocco,it was a "pool of blood."People were against each other.She saw her mother and most women being cut to pieces.Soldiers,blacks,sailors,blacks,whites,and mulattoes fought for her.After the fighting ended,the old woman climbed out from under a pile of dead bodies and crawled to rest under a tree.She awoke to find a white man who was trying to rape her.
Historical Context:
Mulattoes:A person of mixed white and black ancestry,especially a person with one white and one black parent.
in articulo mortis:at the point of death
Pope Urban X is a fictional pope created by Voltaire. He made up this character in order to avoid any consequences that would be incurred upon him.In Candide Pope Urban X has a bastard child.
'O che sciagura d'essere senza coglioni:Oh,what a misfortune to be without testicles!
The Venus de'Medici(or Medici Venus)is a marble sculpture representing the Greek goddess of love,Aphrodite.It is a 1st century BC marble copy,of a bronze original Greek sculpture.It has become one of the navigation points by which the progress of the Western classical tradition is traced, the references to it an outline of the changes of taste and the process of classical scholarship.It is housed in the Uffizi,Florence,Italy.
The first Barbary War(1801–1805),also known as the Barbary Coast War or the Tripolitan War, was one of two wars in which the United States and the North African Berber Muslim states known collectively as the Barbary States fought.Pirate ships and crews from the North Africa's Berber states of Morocco,Tripoli, Tunis,and Algiers(the Barbary Coast),governed by the Ottoman Empire,were the scourge of the Mediterranean. They captured merchant ships and enslaved women who had wealth and power.The Roman Catholic Trinitarian Order(Order of "Mathurins)had operated from France for centuries with the mission of collecting and funds for the relief and ransom of prisoners of Mediterranean pirates.
The war stemmed from the Barbary pirates’ attacks upon American merchant shipping in an attempt to extort ransom for the lives of captured sailors.Before the Treaty of Paris, (which granted America’s independence from Great Britain)American shipping was protected by France during the Revolutionary years under the Treaty of Alliance(1778–83). Piracy against American shipping occurred after the end of the American Revolution(after the U.S. government lost its protection under the Treaty of Alliance).On October 11,1784,Moroccan pirates seized the brigantine Betsey.This was the first act of piracy against the U.S.,which ended as the Spanish government negotiated the freedom of the captured ship and crew. Spain offered advice to the United States over how to deal with the Barbary States.The advice was to offer tribute to prevent further attacks against merchant ships.Morocco was the first Barbary Coast state to sign a treaty with the U.S. on June 23,1786.The treaty ended all Moroccan piracy against American shipping interests.
I also agree with Kevin that Voltaire is satirizing woman,especially the old woman because throughout her story she keeps saying that she was beautiful and that almost every man wanted her. She said that,"The woman who dressed and undressed me were ecstatic each time they saw me in front and behind,and all men would have loved to be in their place"(42). This shows that she really cared about her beauty and how it affected others.It made her feel loved but at the same time,it made other woman envious.
ReplyDeleteAlbin Ademi
ReplyDeleteChapter (11)
Vocabulary
Splendor- when a person or thing looks gorgeous and eye appealing
Amid- in the middle.
Idolatry- excessive or blind adoration.
Unprecedented- without previous instance; never before known or experienced; unexampled or unparalleled
Convulsions- contortion of the body caused by violent, involuntary muscular contractions of the extremities, trunk, and head
Trifle- an article or object that isn’t very valuable
Afflicted- to distress with mental or bodily pain; trouble greatly or grievously
Absolution- When you are neutral
Enema- the injection of a fluid into the rectum to cause a bowel movement
Immemorial- going back to a beyond memory, record, or knowledge
Exquisitely- of special beauty or charm, usually rare
Ravished- to seize and carry off by force
Faction- a group within a larger group, or government,
Vitriol- oil of vitriol
Scimitar- a curved, single-edged sword of Oriental origin
Oblivion- When you are completely forgotten or unknown
Insensibility- incapable of feeling or perceiving; when you can’t feel anything, going numb.
Elements of Satire
Exaggeration: “My eyes haven’t always been bloodshot and red rimmed, my nose hasn’t always touched my chin, and I haven’t always been a slave” (42).
Understatement: “and all men would have loved to be in their place” (42).
Irony: “They were immediately stripped as naked as monkeys, and so were my mother, our ladies in waiting and I” (43).
Warped Logic: “You can easily imagine everything we had to suffer on board the Pirate ship. My mother was still quite beautiful” (43).
Ridiculous names: “my breasts…Venus de Medici” (42).
Voltaire is satirizing the daughter of Pope Urban X in chapter eleven. He is satirizing her because out of everything that happened to her in that chapter all she was worried about was her looks. She compared her breasts to the “Venus De Medici” and when the pirates took them she said “My mother was still quite beautiful” (43). She is so conceded that when the women were undressing her all that was in her mind was how men wish they can do what the maidens were doing. She sees herself as a “flower” and a rare one of that because she is still a “virgin” and at her age being a virgin has limitless value.