Vocabulary: elated- overjoyed, ecstatic bog- soil composed of decayed vegetable matter fetishes- an object regarded as having magical potency resentment- the feeling of displeasure at some act, remark, person, etc. appease- to bring to a state of peace; to satisfy prudent- careful or wise in practical affairs laden- burdened, loaded down
Historical Context: Surinam- a colony founded by England in 1650 and became Dutch in 1667 under the Treaty of Breda. Agriculture flourished in the early 1700s and slave trade increase rapidly. Children of Adam- Cain, Abel, and Seth Slavery- slaves were bought and sold to work on plantations in terrible working conditions. They were not paid and were treated as property and abused by slave owners. Coast of Guinea- primarily a sphere for British and Dutch slave trade. Eldorado- a place that is covered in riches, does not suffer from religious persecution, or social inequality; basically a perfect world.
Satire: Optimism- "' This is an abomination you never dreamed of! It's too much: I'll have to give up your optimism at last" (73)Candide acquires wealth and loses almost all of it,he also learns about slavery from a slave that he met. Candide no longer thinks that " everything is all right when everything is going wrong" (73). As he continues on his journey, he slowly finds more things happening around him that contradict the words of Dr. Pangloss.
Voc-Elate-high spirits or make someone happy Bog-swamp Cacambo Surmise-suppose that something is true without having true evidence Genealogist-expert in genealogy- A line of descent traced continuously from an ancestor Laden- Heavily loaded or weighed down Piasters-equal to one hundredth of a pound. Money Melancholy- A deep, pensive, and long-lasting sadness Gratification- state of being gratified or satisfied Eloped- Run away with a lover. Socinian- the teachings of Faustus Socinus (1539-1604), It. rationalistic religious reformer, denying the Trinity, the divinity of Christ, etc., and holding that salvation is attained solely by practicing the virtues exemplified by Christ
Satire nobility. In this chapter he introduces a slave, who has lost his arm and leg because of his master.Voltaire satirizes nobility because the master of the slave cut off his slaves arm and leg just because it got stuck or because he ran away. "poor man's left leg and right hand were missing.... was it Mynheer Vanderdendur who put you in this condition?... yes sir"(77-78) "finger caught under the millstone.. they cut of the whole hand..if we try to run away...cut off one of our legs"(78)
Vocabulary: Bog-wet, spongy ground with soil composed mainly of decayed vegetable matter. Elated-very happy or proud; jubilant; in high spirits Heartened-to give courage or confidence to; cheer. Surmise- to think or infer without certain or strong evidence; conjecture; guess. Mania- excessive excitement or enthusiasm; craze: Piasters- the former peso or dollar of Spain and Spanish America. Melancholy- a gloomy state of mind, especially when habitual or prolonged; depression. Prudent- wise or judicious in practical affairs; sagacious; discreet or circumspect Appeased- to satisfy, allay, or relieve Laden- burdened, loaded down
Historical Context: Surinam -a republic on the NE coast of South America: formerly a territory of the Netherlands; gained independence 1975. 443,446; 60,230 sq. mi. (155,995 sq. km). Capital: Paramaribo.
Sattire: Wealth “2 sheep carrying more treasure than the King of Spain will ever have” (68) Irony “We each have diamonds worth five or six million in our pockets” (69) Exaggeration “He had lost enough to make fortune of twenty monarchs” (70) Irony
1.elate (verb) - to make somebody very happy and excited
2.bog (noun) -a poorly drained usually acid area rich in accumulated plant material, frequently surrounding a body of open water
3.surmise(verb)- (used with object) 1. to think or infer without certain or strong evidence
4.fetish (noun) - an object, idea, or activity that somebody is irrationally obsessed with or attached to
5.geneaologist (noun) - a person who studies of family ancestries and histories
6.mania(noun) - excessive excitement or enthusiasm; a craze or abnormal mental state
7.inn (noun)- a place that provides food and accommodation for travelers
8.conceal (verb) - to keep something secret, or prevent it from being known
9.piaster (noun)- unit of currency in the Middle East
10.prudent(adj.)- using good judgment to consider likely consequences and act accordingly
11.laden (adj.)- carrying a load, in particular a heavy load
12.lot(noun) - decision making by casting or drawing object such as straws or pebbles: picking a group of people for a certain task
13.wager(verb)- to bet on something
14. scholar (noun) - a person having or showing great knowledge gained from study and reading
15. elope (verb)- To run away with a lover, especially with the intention of getting married
16.Socinian (noun)- Italian theologian who preached belief in God, but rejected other traditional Christian doctrines such as the Trinity and the divinity of Christ
17.post (noun)- a position of duty, employment, or trust to which someone is appointed
18. appease (verb)- to say or do something in order to make somebody less angry or upset
Bog (n): wet, spongy ground with soil composed mainly of decayed vegetable matter. Surmise (v): to think or infer without certain or strong evidence; conjecture; guess. Mynheer: Mr. or sir in Dutch Vanderdendur: If you play around with the words in google translate you can come across a lot of different meanings. For one thing ‘dur’ in Dutch means hard, tough, harsh, difficult, bitter, callous, etc. Fetish (n): 1) An object regarded with awe as being the embodiment or habitation of a potent spirit or as having magical potency. 2) Any object, idea, etc., eliciting unquestioning reverence, respect, or devotion. Piasters (n): 1 of 2 number of units of currency, the other being piastres, that derived from the Spanish pieces of eight. Eloped (v): To run off secretly to be married, usually without the consent or knowledge of one's parents. Socinian (n): A follower of Faustus and Laelius Socinus who rejected a number of traditional Christian doctrines, as the Trinity, the divinity of Christ, and original sin, and who held that Christ was miraculously begotten and that salvation will be granted to those who adopt Christ's virtues.
Historical Context:
Surinam: A republic on the NE coast of South America: formerly a territory of the Netherlands Ten Patagons: 25 shillings ($3 US) Voltaire’s reference to Adam: According to the bible, the first man to be created.
Satire: Religion “My dear child, always glorify and worship our fetishes, they’ll make you live happily. You now have the honor of being a slave of our lords the white men” (73). Warped logic/irony At first his mother was telling him that he will live happy if he glorifies and worships their fetishes, and then she makes it seem like it’s a good thing that he has the “honor” of being a slave. She makes it seem as if being a slave is a happy and good thing, but she’s really only happy for the money she was able to get. “I’m no genealogist, but if those preachers are telling the truth, we’re all cousins and you must admit that no one could treat his relatives more horribly” (73). Warped logic/irony Voltaire shows contradiction in Christianity. At the time everyone who preached Christianity said that everyone descends from Adam and Eve. This meant that everyone is related, equal, and alike. Africans were mistreated even though everyone knew the truth. The sick part is that the slaves were even brought to the churches to hear it and then mistreated once they walked out of the door. This is a way Voltaire uses Satire to make fun of religion. “Venice is a free state where there’s nothing to fear from Bulgars, Avars, Jews or Inquisitors.” (74). Warped Logic/Overstatement Voltaire uses the word fear to show that the Bulgars, Avars, Jews and Iquisitors are bad. In reality they are all just branches from Christianity. He makes fun of organized religion by making the Bulgars, Avars, Jews and Inquisitors put Candide through horrible situations, all the while making fun of them. He uses specific things that go along with scenes that happened in history and then makes fun of them using the uncaring and innocent Candide to make them seem crazy and even demonic.
Surinam - a country in northern South America. It borders French Guiana to the east, Guyana to the west, Brazil to the south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the north. Suriname was a former colony of the British and of the Dutch, and was previously known as Dutch Guiana. It declared its independence to the Netherlands in 1975.
5.Patagons (Patagonian giants)- a mythical race of people, who first began to appear in early European accounts of the little-known region and coastline of Patagonia. They were supposed to have exceeded at least double normal human height some accounts giving heights of 12 to 15 feet or more. Tales of these unbelievable people would take a hold over European concepts of the region for some 250 years, until they were discredited and exposed of their false existence at the end of the 18th century.
Buenos Aires- is the capital and largest city of Argentina
Eldorado- name of a legendary "Lost City of Gold" that has fascinated and escaped explorers since the days of the Spanish Conquistadors. Though many have searched for years on end to find this city of gold, no evidence of such a place has been found.
A place generated only through mere imagination, El Dorado became a kingdom, an empire, and the city of this legendary golden king. In pursuit of the legend, Francisco Orellana and Gonzalo Pizarro would depart from Quito, Ecuador in 1541 in a famous and disastrous expedition towards the Amazon Basin; as a result of this, however, Orellana became the first person known to navigate the Amazon River.
I agree with Samantha. Voltaire is satirizing religion, showing the inconsistency between the Christians' beliefs and actions. This is shown through warp logic when the slave says " The Dutch fetishes, who have converted me, tell me every Sunday that we're all children of Adam, black and white". This is warp because this is what the Christians believe but yet they enslave the "negros", tortue and abuse them.This demostrates hypocricy. Another example of religion being satirized is when the Dutch captain robs Candide of his money, "[seizing] his opportunity: he set sail and weighed anchor." As a Dutch, having religious fetishes, it is a sin in robbing someone but he still did it. So it permits the question, whether or not there is any validation or truth behind their beliefs.
Vocabulary:
ReplyDeleteelated- overjoyed, ecstatic
bog- soil composed of decayed vegetable matter
fetishes- an object regarded as having magical potency
resentment- the feeling of displeasure at some act, remark, person, etc.
appease- to bring to a state of peace; to satisfy
prudent- careful or wise in practical affairs
laden- burdened, loaded down
Historical Context:
Surinam- a colony founded by England in 1650 and became Dutch in 1667 under the Treaty of Breda. Agriculture flourished in the early 1700s and slave trade increase rapidly.
Children of Adam- Cain, Abel, and Seth
Slavery- slaves were bought and sold to work on plantations in terrible working conditions. They were not paid and were treated as property and abused by slave owners.
Coast of Guinea- primarily a sphere for British and Dutch slave trade.
Eldorado- a place that is covered in riches, does not suffer from religious persecution, or social inequality; basically a perfect world.
Satire:
Optimism-
"' This is an abomination you never dreamed of! It's too much: I'll have to give up your optimism at last" (73)Candide acquires wealth and loses almost all of it,he also learns about slavery from a slave that he met. Candide no longer thinks that " everything is all right when everything is going wrong" (73). As he continues on his journey, he slowly finds more things happening around him that contradict the words of Dr. Pangloss.
Grace Gao
ReplyDeleteVoc-Elate-high spirits or make someone happy
Bog-swamp
Cacambo
Surmise-suppose that something is true without having true evidence
Genealogist-expert in genealogy- A line of descent traced continuously from an ancestor
Laden- Heavily loaded or weighed down
Piasters-equal to one hundredth of a pound. Money
Melancholy- A deep, pensive, and long-lasting sadness
Gratification- state of being gratified or satisfied
Eloped- Run away with a lover.
Socinian- the teachings of Faustus Socinus (1539-1604), It. rationalistic religious reformer, denying the Trinity, the divinity of Christ, etc., and holding that salvation is attained solely by practicing the virtues exemplified by Christ
Satire
nobility.
In this chapter he introduces a slave, who has lost his arm and leg because of his master.Voltaire satirizes nobility because the master of the slave cut off his slaves arm and leg just because it got stuck or because he ran away.
"poor man's left leg and right hand were missing.... was it Mynheer Vanderdendur who put you in this condition?... yes sir"(77-78)
"finger caught under the millstone.. they cut of the whole hand..if we try to run away...cut off one of our legs"(78)
Tang Wu
ReplyDeleteVocabulary:
Bog-wet, spongy ground with soil composed mainly of decayed vegetable matter.
Elated-very happy or proud; jubilant; in high spirits
Heartened-to give courage or confidence to; cheer.
Surmise- to think or infer without certain or strong evidence; conjecture; guess.
Mania- excessive excitement or enthusiasm; craze:
Piasters- the former peso or dollar of Spain and Spanish America.
Melancholy- a gloomy state of mind, especially when habitual or prolonged; depression.
Prudent- wise or judicious in practical affairs; sagacious; discreet or circumspect
Appeased- to satisfy, allay, or relieve
Laden- burdened, loaded down
Historical Context:
Surinam -a republic on the NE coast of South America: formerly a territory of the Netherlands; gained independence 1975. 443,446; 60,230 sq. mi. (155,995 sq. km). Capital: Paramaribo.
Tang Wu
ReplyDeleteSattire: Wealth
“2 sheep carrying more treasure than the King of Spain will ever have” (68) Irony
“We each have diamonds worth five or six million in our pockets” (69) Exaggeration
“He had lost enough to make fortune of twenty monarchs” (70) Irony
Vocabulary
ReplyDelete1.elate (verb) - to make somebody very happy and excited
2.bog (noun) -a poorly drained usually acid area rich in accumulated plant material, frequently surrounding a body of open water
3.surmise(verb)- (used with object) 1. to think or infer without certain or strong evidence
4.fetish (noun) - an object, idea, or activity that somebody is irrationally obsessed with or attached to
5.geneaologist (noun) - a person who studies of family ancestries and histories
6.mania(noun) - excessive excitement or enthusiasm; a craze or abnormal mental state
7.inn (noun)- a place that provides food
and accommodation for travelers
8.conceal (verb) - to keep something secret, or prevent it from being known
9.piaster (noun)- unit of currency in the Middle East
10.prudent(adj.)- using good judgment to consider likely consequences and act accordingly
11.laden (adj.)- carrying a load, in particular a heavy load
12.lot(noun) - decision making by casting or drawing object such as straws or pebbles: picking a group of people for a certain task
13.wager(verb)- to bet on something
14. scholar (noun) - a person having or showing great knowledge gained from study and reading
15. elope (verb)- To run away with a lover, especially with the intention of getting married
16.Socinian (noun)- Italian theologian who preached belief in God, but rejected other traditional Christian doctrines such as the Trinity and the divinity of Christ
17.post (noun)- a position of duty, employment, or trust to which someone is appointed
18. appease (verb)- to say or do something in order to make somebody less angry or upset
Vocabulary:
ReplyDeleteBog (n): wet, spongy ground with soil composed mainly of decayed vegetable matter.
Surmise (v): to think or infer without certain or strong evidence; conjecture; guess.
Mynheer: Mr. or sir in Dutch
Vanderdendur: If you play around with the words in google translate you can come across a lot of different meanings. For one thing ‘dur’ in Dutch means hard, tough, harsh, difficult, bitter, callous, etc.
Fetish (n):
1) An object regarded with awe as being the embodiment or habitation of a potent spirit or as having magical potency.
2) Any object, idea, etc., eliciting unquestioning reverence, respect, or devotion.
Piasters (n): 1 of 2 number of units of currency, the other being piastres, that derived from the Spanish pieces of eight.
Eloped (v): To run off secretly to be married, usually without the consent or knowledge of one's parents.
Socinian (n):
A follower of Faustus and Laelius Socinus who rejected a number of traditional Christian doctrines, as the Trinity, the divinity of Christ, and original sin, and who held that Christ was miraculously begotten and that salvation will be granted to those who adopt Christ's virtues.
Historical Context:
Surinam: A republic on the NE coast of South America: formerly a territory of the Netherlands
Ten Patagons: 25 shillings ($3 US)
Voltaire’s reference to Adam: According to the bible, the first man to be created.
Satire:
Religion
“My dear child, always glorify and worship our fetishes, they’ll make you live happily. You now have the honor of being a slave of our lords the white men” (73). Warped logic/irony
At first his mother was telling him that he will live happy if he glorifies and worships their fetishes, and then she makes it seem like it’s a good thing that he has the “honor” of being a slave. She makes it seem as if being a slave is a happy and good thing, but she’s really only happy for the money she was able to get.
“I’m no genealogist, but if those preachers are telling the truth, we’re all cousins and you must admit that no one could treat his relatives more horribly” (73). Warped logic/irony
Voltaire shows contradiction in Christianity. At the time everyone who preached Christianity said that everyone descends from Adam and Eve. This meant that everyone is related, equal, and alike. Africans were mistreated even though everyone knew the truth. The sick part is that the slaves were even brought to the churches to hear it and then mistreated once they walked out of the door. This is a way Voltaire uses Satire to make fun of religion.
“Venice is a free state where there’s nothing to fear from Bulgars, Avars, Jews or Inquisitors.” (74). Warped Logic/Overstatement
Voltaire uses the word fear to show that the Bulgars, Avars, Jews and Iquisitors are bad. In reality they are all just branches from Christianity. He makes fun of organized religion by making the Bulgars, Avars, Jews and Inquisitors put Candide through horrible situations, all the while making fun of them. He uses specific things that go along with scenes that happened in history and then makes fun of them using the uncaring and innocent Candide to make them seem crazy and even demonic.
source:
ReplyDeletedictionary.com
Historical Context and Geography
ReplyDeleteSurinam - a country in northern South America.
It borders French Guiana to the east, Guyana to the west, Brazil to the south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the north. Suriname was a former colony of the British and of the Dutch, and was previously known as Dutch Guiana. It declared its independence to the Netherlands in 1975.
5.Patagons (Patagonian giants)- a mythical race of people, who first began to appear in early European accounts of the little-known region and coastline of Patagonia. They were supposed to have exceeded at least double normal human height some accounts giving heights of 12 to 15 feet or more. Tales of these unbelievable people would take a hold over European concepts
of the region for some 250 years, until they
were discredited and exposed of their false existence at the end of the 18th century.
Buenos Aires- is the capital and largest city of Argentina
Eldorado- name of a legendary "Lost City of Gold" that has fascinated and escaped explorers since the days of the Spanish Conquistadors. Though many have searched for years on end to find this city of gold, no evidence of such a place has been found.
A place generated only through mere imagination, El Dorado became a kingdom, an empire, and the city of this legendary golden king. In pursuit of the legend, Francisco Orellana and Gonzalo Pizarro would depart from Quito, Ecuador in 1541 in a famous and disastrous expedition towards the Amazon Basin; as a result of this, however, Orellana became the first person known to navigate the Amazon River.
I agree with Samantha. Voltaire is satirizing religion, showing the inconsistency between the Christians' beliefs and actions. This is shown through warp logic when the slave says " The Dutch fetishes, who have converted me, tell me every Sunday that we're all children of Adam, black and white". This is warp because this is what the Christians believe but yet they enslave the "negros", tortue and abuse them.This demostrates hypocricy. Another example of religion being satirized is when the Dutch captain robs Candide of his money, "[seizing] his opportunity: he set sail and weighed anchor." As a Dutch, having religious fetishes, it is a sin in robbing someone but he still did it. So it permits the question, whether or not there is any validation or truth behind their beliefs.
ReplyDelete